Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is used as a crosslinking agent in creating alginate-based scaffolds. This crosslinking impacts the stability and structural integrity of the scaffolds. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the post-crosslinking agent CaCl2 on the properties of gelatin-alginate scaffolds, which will be applied in tissue engineering. Scaffolds were produced using 3D printing technology, utilizing ink composed of 4% gelatin and 4% alginate. These scaffolds were then immersed in CaCl2 solution with different concentrations (1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) for a period of 15 to 90 min. Moreover, the residue of CaCl2 was removed by rinsing with a 1X PBS solution. The scaffolds were assessed for some properties, including cytotoxicity, absorption behavior, and degradation rate. The results showed that all scaffolds were non-cytotoxic, with relative growth rates over 70%. In addition, the absorption of all scaffolds was above 300%, particularly for 1.5% CaCl2 in 15 min. This work also revealed prolonged crosslinking and higher concentrations contributed to longer scaffold durability. Specifically, scaffolds crosslinked with 2.5% CaCl2 for 60 to 90 min exhibited extended stability, degrading completely by day 21. These findings indicated that CaCl2 post-crosslinking effectively enhances scaffold properties by modulating absorption capacity and degradation rate. Through this study, the scaffold characteristics were improved by post-crosslinking with CaCl2, based on concentration and duration. This research provided valuable insights into optimizing scaffold manufacturing techniques for tissue engineering applications, contributing to the advancement of regenerative medicine.

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Investigation of 3D-Printed Scaffold Properties Under CaCl2 Post-crosslinking

  • Nghia Thi Hieu Phan,
  • Nho Thuan Nguyen,
  • Ha Le Bao Tran

摘要

Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is used as a crosslinking agent in creating alginate-based scaffolds. This crosslinking impacts the stability and structural integrity of the scaffolds. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the post-crosslinking agent CaCl2 on the properties of gelatin-alginate scaffolds, which will be applied in tissue engineering. Scaffolds were produced using 3D printing technology, utilizing ink composed of 4% gelatin and 4% alginate. These scaffolds were then immersed in CaCl2 solution with different concentrations (1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) for a period of 15 to 90 min. Moreover, the residue of CaCl2 was removed by rinsing with a 1X PBS solution. The scaffolds were assessed for some properties, including cytotoxicity, absorption behavior, and degradation rate. The results showed that all scaffolds were non-cytotoxic, with relative growth rates over 70%. In addition, the absorption of all scaffolds was above 300%, particularly for 1.5% CaCl2 in 15 min. This work also revealed prolonged crosslinking and higher concentrations contributed to longer scaffold durability. Specifically, scaffolds crosslinked with 2.5% CaCl2 for 60 to 90 min exhibited extended stability, degrading completely by day 21. These findings indicated that CaCl2 post-crosslinking effectively enhances scaffold properties by modulating absorption capacity and degradation rate. Through this study, the scaffold characteristics were improved by post-crosslinking with CaCl2, based on concentration and duration. This research provided valuable insights into optimizing scaffold manufacturing techniques for tissue engineering applications, contributing to the advancement of regenerative medicine.