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Introduction: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in the progression and behavior of cancer, including neuroblastoma, which is a type of cancer that most commonly affects children. Our previous reported the collagen denature via laser dissection lead to change the way tumor growth, which further raise the question whether it affects the immune system in TME in the inhibition of tumor growth. Methodology: By leveraging the nuanced data obtained from Single Cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA-seq), we aimed to unveil how thermal laser ablation impacts the cellular landscape of the TME in neuroblastoma. We employed advanced clustering algorithms, specifically the Louvain algorithm and the Density-based Spatial Clustering Algorithm for Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). Results: We successfully delineated a multitude of distinct cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME), this included a diverse array of immune cells such as CD8 + T cells, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, in addition to cancer cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Following the application of thermal laser ablation, we observed a significant increase in the proportion of activated CD8 + T cells, coupled with a reduction in both regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells; reducing neuroblastoma (NB) cells, decreasing natural collagen levels and promoting the activity of specific receptors and ligands alongside various immune cells, particularly in samples from advanced-stage NB tissues. After the treatment, there was a marked decline in markers of T-cell exhaustion alongside a rise in the expression of activation markers like CD69 and OX40, highlighting the potential of thermal ablation to reinvigorate the immune response against cancer. Conclusion and Discussion: Our study demonstrates that thermal laser ablation has a beneficial effect on modulating the immune system, suggesting its utility as a potent strategy in the treatment of neuroblastoma by enhancing immune surveillance and promoting an anti-tumor environment.

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Enhancing Immune Surveillance and Tumor Microenvironment Modulation in Neuroblastoma Through Thermal Laser Ablation via Single-Cell RNA Sequencing

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Duy-Khang Nguyen,
  • Quynh-Giang Nguyen,
  • Tri-Quoc Nguyen,
  • Chi-Bao Bui,
  • Si-Bao Nguyen

摘要

Introduction: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in the progression and behavior of cancer, including neuroblastoma, which is a type of cancer that most commonly affects children. Our previous reported the collagen denature via laser dissection lead to change the way tumor growth, which further raise the question whether it affects the immune system in TME in the inhibition of tumor growth. Methodology: By leveraging the nuanced data obtained from Single Cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA-seq), we aimed to unveil how thermal laser ablation impacts the cellular landscape of the TME in neuroblastoma. We employed advanced clustering algorithms, specifically the Louvain algorithm and the Density-based Spatial Clustering Algorithm for Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). Results: We successfully delineated a multitude of distinct cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME), this included a diverse array of immune cells such as CD8 + T cells, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, in addition to cancer cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Following the application of thermal laser ablation, we observed a significant increase in the proportion of activated CD8 + T cells, coupled with a reduction in both regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells; reducing neuroblastoma (NB) cells, decreasing natural collagen levels and promoting the activity of specific receptors and ligands alongside various immune cells, particularly in samples from advanced-stage NB tissues. After the treatment, there was a marked decline in markers of T-cell exhaustion alongside a rise in the expression of activation markers like CD69 and OX40, highlighting the potential of thermal ablation to reinvigorate the immune response against cancer. Conclusion and Discussion: Our study demonstrates that thermal laser ablation has a beneficial effect on modulating the immune system, suggesting its utility as a potent strategy in the treatment of neuroblastoma by enhancing immune surveillance and promoting an anti-tumor environment.