This chapter will serve two purposes. Its primary purpose will be to explore Iqbal’s relationship with the greater Islamic tradition. His view of Islamic tradition is partly a critical one. On one hand, he decries the adoption of Greek thought and what he calls “Sufi Pantheism” as the source of decline in the Islamic world. On the other, he sees many scholars of Islamic history, however anachronistically, as precursors to many of the most appealing aspects of modern philosophy. As Iqbal’s relationship with the Islamic tradition is explored, this chapter will, and this is the second purpose, begin to describe the general shape of Iqbal’s thought—including his epistemological and metaphysical framework and his vision for the future.