Cameroon’s long established status as the haven of peace in the Central African region has been distorted by the outbreak of terrorism and insurgency since the second decade of the twenty-first century. Terrorism in Cameroon has its roots in the nature of national politics and the country’s proximity to neighboring countries threatened by terrorism especially Chad, Central African Republic, and Nigeria. Relying on the content analysis of available literature in print and on the internet, this chapter concludes that the activities of terrorists within Cameroon and its neighbors continue to threaten stability and order leading to loss of lives and property and growing apprehensions on the capability of the state to safeguard its territory. It was in response to the threat that the Government of Cameroon introduced the Anti-Terrorism legislation in 2014 and further deployed troops to the Multinational Joint Task Force in the Lake Chad basin.