Terrorism in Tunisia has its roots in the country’s domestic socio-political and economic environment alongside the interplay with external influences from its North African neighbours, Europe and the Middle East. The contradiction between liberal reforms on the one hand and the propagation of the Salafi-Wahabbi doctrine by extremist organisations in Tunisia sets the stage for violent extremism and terrorism in the country. This chapter examines Tunisia’s unique experience with religious extremism, radicalization, and acts of terrorism. It sheds light on how it originated from fractured movement to counter the forced westernisation President Bourquiba set for the country. However, and although it remained non-violent for the entirety of its growth, it was a warm incubator for one of the most violent terrorist groups ever found, Ansar al Shari'a from which several lethal terrorists joined Bin Laden and Daesh.