Physiological Rationale
摘要
Transradial access (TRA) has gained recognition for its remarkable reduction in procedure-related issues, including bleeding, vascular complications, and major cardiovascular events, and has become established as the standard of care for interventional coronary revascularization procedures. However, radial artery occlusion (RAO) remains a common occurrence following conventional TRA, with potential implications for future procedures. This chapter highlights the growing importance of the distal radial artery (DRA) as a more favorable access point for percutaneous coronary intervention, supported by the physiological rationale of preserving forearm radial artery flow during hemostasis. The advantages of DRA in preventing thrombosis and providing a minimal intervention to maintain forearm radial artery patency are well documented. Experimental studies have demonstrated the efficacy of DRA in reducing RAO, which is supported by clinical trials and meta-analyses. In addition, the anatomical characteristics of the distal radial artery further contribute to its safety, particularly in avoiding nerve damage, limiting puncture site bleeding, and improving patient and operator comfort.