Mechanics is the study of force and motion. In this chapter, we present the concepts of Newtonian equilibrium, focusing on the study of rigid bodies in equilibrium, a subject often called statics. We introduce the concept of the free body diagram, establish conventions for drawing it, and show how the equations of static equilibrium emanate directly from these quantitative sketches. Along the way we introduce concepts like the moment of a force, reaction forces, and the typical particle for distributed effects. Throughout the chapter we focus on modeling aspects like idealization of support conditions and representation of loads, applying the machinery of statics to real-world applications like hydrostatics and structures.