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This study explores the synthesis and characterization of a novel bio-based cutting fluid derived from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) via pyrolysis. The research addresses the environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based lubricants by developing a sustainable alternative. The process involves converting WCO to Modified Waste Cooking Oil (MWCO) through pyrolysis at 250–300 °C, which is then formulated into a Bio Cutting Fluid (BCF) using water and Tween 80 as an emulsifier. BCF demonstrated superior physicochemical properties compared to WCO, MWCO, and Conventional Cutting Fluid (CCF), including a lower acid value (0.908 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (40.13 mg KOH/g), and iodine value (47.31 gI/100 g). BCF also exhibited a balanced viscosity (32.91 cSt) and density (0.901 g/cm3), promoting better heat transfer and handling characteristics. Performance analysis on a lathe machine showed that BCF significantly reduced thrust and cutting forces compared to dry cutting. At 500 rpm, thrust forces with BCF ranged from 9.81 to 58.86 N, compared to 392.40 to 4296.75 N without coolant. BCF provided more consistent and predictable cutting conditions across various speeds and depths of cut, potentially leading to reduced tool wear and improved surface finishes. These findings suggest that the developed bio-based cutting fluid offers a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional cutting fluids, with improved machining performance and potential benefits in terms of energy efficiency and tool longevity.

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Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Bio Based Cutting Fluid Derived from Waste Cooking Oil via Pyrolysis

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • M. A. Prasanth,
  • S. Prathap Singh,
  • Jayant Giri,
  • Mohammad Rasmi Al-Mousa,
  • Rami Almatarneh

摘要

This study explores the synthesis and characterization of a novel bio-based cutting fluid derived from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) via pyrolysis. The research addresses the environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based lubricants by developing a sustainable alternative. The process involves converting WCO to Modified Waste Cooking Oil (MWCO) through pyrolysis at 250–300 °C, which is then formulated into a Bio Cutting Fluid (BCF) using water and Tween 80 as an emulsifier. BCF demonstrated superior physicochemical properties compared to WCO, MWCO, and Conventional Cutting Fluid (CCF), including a lower acid value (0.908 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (40.13 mg KOH/g), and iodine value (47.31 gI/100 g). BCF also exhibited a balanced viscosity (32.91 cSt) and density (0.901 g/cm3), promoting better heat transfer and handling characteristics. Performance analysis on a lathe machine showed that BCF significantly reduced thrust and cutting forces compared to dry cutting. At 500 rpm, thrust forces with BCF ranged from 9.81 to 58.86 N, compared to 392.40 to 4296.75 N without coolant. BCF provided more consistent and predictable cutting conditions across various speeds and depths of cut, potentially leading to reduced tool wear and improved surface finishes. These findings suggest that the developed bio-based cutting fluid offers a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional cutting fluids, with improved machining performance and potential benefits in terms of energy efficiency and tool longevity.