Nature is teeming with a wide variety of biological tissues and structures, many of which display extraordinary chemical and physical characteristics. Existing top-down microfabrication methods have a hard time replicating nature’s ability to construct hierarchical and complex structures from relatively simple building blocks like collagen fibrils. Biomimetic structures employing a diverse array of optical, electrical and mechanical properties can now be constructed from the ground up, due to the proliferation of Nano biomaterial assembly methods. When subjected to specific physical or chemical stimuli, the properties of these biomimetic materials can undergo sufficient changes to be employed for sensing purposes. For example, in the presence of volatile organic molecules and organic solvents, the colors of films made of assembled filamentous viruses on solid substrates can change. Films with piezoelectric properties can be used as mechanical force sensors by converting mechanical pressure into electrical signals when subjected to mechanical pressure. In order to assess the present study of biomimetic applications of a sensor, this research will center on hierarchical structures that are according to building blocks of fiber.