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This work is an extrapolation of the most conspicuous literature speaking about the nature of the external shape of the Earth (i.e., round or not) and the interpretation of early scholars about it before the times of modern technological advancements. The belief in the idea of a spherical Earth thus became settled among scientific circles following the end of Magellan's voyages in 1522. This paper compares what was mentioned in those early interpretations with well-established scientific ideas in astrophysics, using contemporary applied and digital research methods. From this analysis, it appeared that many early texts did explain the sphericity of the Earth, and many early scholars believed in this. The evidence that modern technological tools integrate perfectly with digital simulations and satellite imagery towards interpreting history supports this: the views of the scholars coincide with that of contemporary science concerning the shape of the Earth.

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The Evidence of the Early Scholars on the Sphericity of the Earth in the Light of Contemporary Applied and Digital Research

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Abdul-Rahim El-Sharif,
  • Mohammed Shqair,
  • Madlin Amjad,
  • Omama Abu Qaraq,
  • Sohail Al-Ahmed

摘要

This work is an extrapolation of the most conspicuous literature speaking about the nature of the external shape of the Earth (i.e., round or not) and the interpretation of early scholars about it before the times of modern technological advancements. The belief in the idea of a spherical Earth thus became settled among scientific circles following the end of Magellan's voyages in 1522. This paper compares what was mentioned in those early interpretations with well-established scientific ideas in astrophysics, using contemporary applied and digital research methods. From this analysis, it appeared that many early texts did explain the sphericity of the Earth, and many early scholars believed in this. The evidence that modern technological tools integrate perfectly with digital simulations and satellite imagery towards interpreting history supports this: the views of the scholars coincide with that of contemporary science concerning the shape of the Earth.