A clean and healthy environment is a human right. Therefore, every effort and strategies should be undertaken to keep the environment clean and rid it of contaminants. As we are all aware that the world population is anticipated to shoot up to 10 billion people by 2050, the environment is under immense threat. Thus, two decades from now, the demand for basic needs, such as health and health products, will soar to greater levels, and this will necessitate the production of pharmaceutical products. To prepare for this time horizon, the world of science and research is worked tirelessly to ensure that what will be needed by that time is available or nearly available. Against this backdrop, indispensable sectors, such as the pharmaceutical industry, are evolving innovative and novel ways of readying themselves for this challenge. In addition, as it is envisaged that the demand for pharmaceutical products will increase enormously, colossal sums of money have been invested in pharmaceutical research on both the economic and science ends. Therefore, more and more firms will join the race and cause a proportionate increase in the number of pharmaceutical industries worldwide. Despite the innumerable benefits that will be posted on accounts of both developed and developing countries, a knock-out effect is on the horizon. This has to do with the environment that will be degraded by pharmaceutical waste. In this chapter, we delve into growth and development of the pharmaceutical sector, the impacts of pharmaceutical development on the health of ecosystems, and the possibilities of containing the undesirable effects of pharmaceutical development through biological cleanup. The emphasis is on phytoremediation using transgenic plants and endophytes.