This study explores the human resource (HR) practice of digital transformation in Slovak companies, utilizing a mixed-methods approach, we conducted a quantitative survey of 238 companies, and qualitative interviews with HR managers focusing on 34 enterprises—both domestic and foreign—across manufacturing and service sectors to gain deeper insights. Our research aims to address key questions regarding the creation of digital work environments, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HR strategies, the transformation of HR practices through digitalization, and the response to evolving employee characteristics. Employing (Strohmeier in German Journal of Human Resource Management 34:345–365, 2020) theoretical model of digital HRM we evaluated the stages of digitalization ranging from traditional practices to fully digitized HR strategies. Our study provides critical insights into the current state of HR digitalization in Slovakia and suggests pathways for future development within the sector. The study reveals that Slovak companies are increasingly investing in digital transformation, recognizing its potential to simplify and optimize processes, though some companies remain hesitant due to concerns about initial costs and short-term visibility of benefits. Most companies surveyed are positioned in the advanced phases of digitalization, focusing on creating virtual work environments that promote autonomy and task variability, while investment in AI technologies remains a lower priority. The findings emphasize the importance of aligning strategic decisions with operational practices and fostering collaboration across all organizational levels, particularly in HR management, to successfully implement digital transformation initiatives.