R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics ( https://www.r-project.org/about.html (R Core Team 2023)). The R language was developed from the S system invented in 1976 at Bell Laboratories by Rick Becker, John Chambers, and Allan Wilks ( https://cran.r-project.org/ ). R was initially written by Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka of the Statistics Department of the University of Auckland in 1991. In 1996, they were finally able to share the message “(…) we are well on the way to building a complete and useful piece of software” (Ihaka and Gentleman 1996). The name is partly based on the (first) names of the first two R authors and partly a play on the name of the Bell Labs language “S” ( https://cran.r-project.org/ ) (Fig. 2.1).