Knowledge in the Cloud: LiDAR Point Cloud Data
摘要
With thousands of points registered from laser beams per second LiDAR technology is currently the most powerful tool for Earth surface mapping. An active remote sensing system uses a laser to measure the distance to a target (Wulder et al. 2008). This technology emits intense, focused beams of light and measures the time of their reflections (NOAA 2012), collecting information about the object’s position, including X, Y, and Z values (longitude, latitude, and elevation). The generated product is a point cloud, which is a set of highly accurate georeferenced elevation points (NOAA 2012). Because of the range of aircraft and drone missions and the speed of data collection, it is now possible to generate large high-quality datasets at the regional scale of analysis. With several advantages, the use of LiDAR technology also requires overcoming several disadvantages, starting from the high cost of data collection and commercial software and extending to the large volume of data that must be processed and stored, which requires a substantial amount of memory storage. In addition, the processing of the data is complex and requires specialized knowledge and sometimes programming skills.