This chapter is devoted to Sartori’s critical analyses of the writings of philosophers Immanuel Kant, George W. F. Hegel, and Benedetto Croce, analyses that are entirely unknown outside Italy. Sartori was mainly interested in the ethical writings of Kant and Hegel, while his studies of Croce focused on his entire body of work. Sartori was a champion of Kantian philosophy, which he understood as a philosophy of morality. He believed morality and ethics to be a fundamental part of human life. Conversely, he was critical of Hegel’s relative and nebulous (presentation of morality as determined and subordinate to the historical development. He considered Croce one of the most essential idealist philosophers ever, describing him as a fundamentalist moralist who emphasises ethics in every aspect of the Spirit. Croce, however, rejected every form of empiricism, and Sartori considered this risky, especially in politics, which could become overly ideologised and detached from reality. On the whole, Sartori criticised Croce for ‘over-philosophising and over-idealising’ the problems he was studying, resulting from which his philosophy is wholly abstract, extremely speculative, and disconnected from facts. Sartori claimed, by contrast, that philosophy must engage in a dialogue (a conversation) with reality, and he disagreed with negating all the empirical aspects of life.