Obstructive sleep apnea is a pathology with increasing prevalence, owing in part to the increase in obesity within the general population, which causes the number of consultations and polysomnography studies requested to increase, generating diagnostic delays. In addition to the high cost of the exam, the discomfort of the test for the patient due to wiring and the need for medical personnel to interpret the diagnostic results constitute limitations on access to the exam for the population of low socioeconomic status. The objective of this research was to design and construct a low-cost system that is minimally invasive to the body and easy to read and interpret the results by the patient to diagnose this syndrome. Two types of methodologies were followed for its development: an experimental (quantitative) technique through the design of a detection system for clinical predictors of obstructive sleep apnea and another qualitative technique through a self-administered screening instrument, which validates (the findings of the first technique) and complements the diagnosis. This article presents the results of the hardware design and the screening instrument.