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This chapter studies the expansion and condensation process of carbon dioxide in the Laval nozzle under subcritical and supercritical inlet states, which is targeted for the power to electric conversion systems. The volume of fluid model is first used to simulate the condensation process of CO2 in Laval nozzle, and the phase transition effects are focused in this study and have been investigated under different inlet conditions near the critical point in the nozzle, with the inlet temperature range within 306–328 K and inlet pressure range within 7.0–8.0 MPa. The results show that condensation is more likely to occur under low temperature and high-pressure inlet conditions near the critical point, and when the inlet temperature is constant, the increase of pressure drop caused by the increase of inlet pressure is one of the reasons for accelerating condensation. For the selection of inlet conditions near the critical point of the compressor, to avoid condensation, it is recommended that the inlet temperature should be avoided too close to the critical point, and the pressure drop effect should be considered with high inlet pressure.

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Characterization of Flow Dynamic Behaviors of Critical Size Nozzle Flow of Supercritical CO2 for Power Systems

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Huimei Wang,
  • Jinliang Xu,
  • Lin Chen

摘要

This chapter studies the expansion and condensation process of carbon dioxide in the Laval nozzle under subcritical and supercritical inlet states, which is targeted for the power to electric conversion systems. The volume of fluid model is first used to simulate the condensation process of CO2 in Laval nozzle, and the phase transition effects are focused in this study and have been investigated under different inlet conditions near the critical point in the nozzle, with the inlet temperature range within 306–328 K and inlet pressure range within 7.0–8.0 MPa. The results show that condensation is more likely to occur under low temperature and high-pressure inlet conditions near the critical point, and when the inlet temperature is constant, the increase of pressure drop caused by the increase of inlet pressure is one of the reasons for accelerating condensation. For the selection of inlet conditions near the critical point of the compressor, to avoid condensation, it is recommended that the inlet temperature should be avoided too close to the critical point, and the pressure drop effect should be considered with high inlet pressure.