The Åland Islands stick out in many regards in Europe and in the Nordic region. It is a demilitarized and neutralized territory with an autonomy regime anchored in a complex legal regime. A Swedish speaking territorial autonomy within a bilingual Finland, Åland is the only Nordic autonomous territory that willingly remains in the European Union as opposed to the Faroe Islands which have never joined, and Greenland which has left upon gaining home rule. The Ålandic political leadership has always demanded a separate seat within the European Parliament as a matter of principle since the EU accession process began for Finland. These demands have traditionally been justified on the grounds that Åland, like other member states, has transferred a part of its legislative competences to the supranational European Union. Ålandic politicians have argued that Åland should be compensated for this transfer of authority to the supranational level. Furthermore, Åland utilizes other European cases such as the former seat of Greenland in the European Parliament and the seat reserved for the German speaking community as European precedent for their cause. So far, the regional Ålandic party system has relied heavily on the Swedish People’s Party (SFP), a Swedish-speaking linguistic catch-all party with a liberal outlook, to ensure Åland has some sort of insight within the European Union. The cooperation with SFP has meant running (so far unsuccessful) candidates on the party’s list and having an Åland appointed advisor to the SFP MEP. This article will focus on the 2024 European Parliament elections on the Åland islands in light of other comparable cases of territorial autonomy in Europe and on the sui generis cooperation with the SFP particularly in a context where SFP’s own seat may be in danger.

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The 2024 European Parliament Elections: Åland and Territorial Autonomy Representation in the European Union

  • Hasan Akintug

摘要

The Åland Islands stick out in many regards in Europe and in the Nordic region. It is a demilitarized and neutralized territory with an autonomy regime anchored in a complex legal regime. A Swedish speaking territorial autonomy within a bilingual Finland, Åland is the only Nordic autonomous territory that willingly remains in the European Union as opposed to the Faroe Islands which have never joined, and Greenland which has left upon gaining home rule. The Ålandic political leadership has always demanded a separate seat within the European Parliament as a matter of principle since the EU accession process began for Finland. These demands have traditionally been justified on the grounds that Åland, like other member states, has transferred a part of its legislative competences to the supranational European Union. Ålandic politicians have argued that Åland should be compensated for this transfer of authority to the supranational level. Furthermore, Åland utilizes other European cases such as the former seat of Greenland in the European Parliament and the seat reserved for the German speaking community as European precedent for their cause. So far, the regional Ålandic party system has relied heavily on the Swedish People’s Party (SFP), a Swedish-speaking linguistic catch-all party with a liberal outlook, to ensure Åland has some sort of insight within the European Union. The cooperation with SFP has meant running (so far unsuccessful) candidates on the party’s list and having an Åland appointed advisor to the SFP MEP. This article will focus on the 2024 European Parliament elections on the Åland islands in light of other comparable cases of territorial autonomy in Europe and on the sui generis cooperation with the SFP particularly in a context where SFP’s own seat may be in danger.