The political projects of internationalizing higher education unfold the relations between the penetrative workings of neoliberal modernization and the securitized authoritarian state. In this chapter, I specifically analyze the Bologna Process, which I understand as a Eurocentric hegemonic project of neoliberal modernization in the field of higher education and research. Analyzing the Bologna Process is important to further understand the relations between the (authoritarian) state and neoliberal globalization, especially since the decision to join the Bologna Process was made by the Russian state in its goal to catch up with neoliberal modernization, contrary to the opposition of Russian academic communities. The Russian state imagined it could use the Bologna Process to gain status in world politics by increasing its competitiveness. Despite the decision to endorse the Eurocentric Bologna Process, Russian higher education has been recomposed under Putin’s rule, resisting the globalized projects of neoliberal modernization and securitizing and nationalizing higher education. However, even in this academic environment, assaulted by globalized neoliberal rationality and the securitized authoritarian state, one can notice alternative academic lifeworlds understanding internationalization in terms of intercultural dialogue.