Russia’s status as an authoritarian state is widely recognized. Authoritarianism in Russia has often been explained through the workings of domestic institutions and the legacies of decades of centralized governance. However, constructing linear, essentialist, and historicized narratives fails to acknowledge that the modern Russian state has successfully integrated into global capitalism and neoliberalization, along with all the inequalities, violence, and dispossession that contemporary capitalism generates on a global scale. I argue that the construction and consolidation of authoritarianism in Russia depended on new methods of power and techniques of government that emerged from penetrative global competitive neoliberalism. I call this process neoliberal authoritarianism. Contrary to liberally biased studies on authoritarian regimes, the concept of neoliberal authoritarianism engages with previous works that analyzed authoritarian-neoliberal linkages to reinforce dispossessive neoliberal economies or to endanger undemocratic political culture. This chapter further engages with the literature on understanding global neoliberalism as an assemblage, which helps to conceptualize the spatial workings of penetrative global neoliberalization and an authoritarian state defined by staticity.