Cyclodextrins (CDs), cyclic oligosaccharides composed of glucose units, have emerged as versatile molecular hosts in the development of sensors for the detection of small molecules. Due to their exceptional biocompatibility, water solubility, non-toxicity, economical accessibility, and facile functionalization, CDs serve as pivotal building blocks for the creation of highly effective supramolecular architectures with fundamental significance. CDs have gained significant attention within the scientific community, particularly for their role in the development of chemical sensors based on the molecular recognition phenomenon. Given the remarkable sensing capabilities of CDs, this contribution aims to present recent advancements in the detection of various biologically significant small molecules using CDs, employing colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemical, and potentiometric responses. By elucidating the distinct optical features associated with these sensing modalities, this chapter provides a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between CDs and target molecules. This exploration not only showcases the versatility of CD-based sensors but also underscores their potential impact on various fields, including health care, environmental monitoring, and beyond. Finally, an insightful perspective on future directions and advancements has been offered, thereby contributing to the evolving landscape of supramolecular sensors, with a particular focus on the unique attributes of CD-based sensing technologies.