Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a type of oligosaccharide. The existence of glycosidic oxygen bridges and hydrogen atoms from OH groups show activity in the inner cavity. The hydrophobicity of CD facilitates the selective binding of a variety of guest molecules, which leads to the formation of host–guest inclusion complexes or supramolecular complexes. In addition to that, CDs can serve as functional polymers to increase the dispersibility of practical materials in solvents due to their hydrophilic surface. These fascinating characteristics of CDs led to their substantial and exciting potential uses in sensing various pollutants and biologically significant molecules. Electrochemistry-based sensors offer a sensitive and selective determination of analytes among various sensing techniques due to their unique electron transfer mechanism. Electrochemical sensors provide an intriguing way of analyzing a sample concentration due to the direct conversion of an electrochemical reaction to an electronic signal. CDs-based functional materials such as CDs/metal nanomaterials, CDs/graphene, CDs/conducting polymers, and CDs/carbon nanomaterials are enormously employed as electrode material that promotes the excellent sensing of precise quantification of analytes with their large surface area and high conductivity nature. In this chapter, the most standard electrochemical techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, amperometry, differential pulse voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry techniques adopted to detect the concentration of organic and inorganic pollutants, and biomolecules by using CDs-based functional materials have been discussed. Cyclodextrin-modified electrochemical sensors allow for the selective detection of both environmental contaminants and essential biomolecules with increased precision. This novel technique brings up new possibilities for real-time environmental monitoring, wearable biomedical diagnostics, and multi-analyte sensing technologies.