Effective waste management in urban areas is essential for sustainable development and environmental protection. Urban local governments play a significant role in designing and implementing waste management strategies to ensure clean and healthy environments for their residents. This chapter presents a comparative study of waste management strategies employed by urban local governments in Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) and Gazipur City Corporation (GCC), two rapidly urbanizing regions facing distinct socio-economic and environmental challenges. The primary data was collected through a structured household survey, which captured information on household waste disposal practices, liquid waste flow patterns, final waste disposal methods, frequency of waste collection, and public perception of local government initiatives. The study reveals that some of the significant barriers include limited financial resources, poor governance, a lack of public participation and awareness, and limited regulatory frameworks. The study also revealed significant differences between the two cities, with RCC relying more on structured waste collection and disposal practices, while GCC demonstrated more informal waste collection methods. Furthermore, GCC showed higher usage of sewerage lines for liquid waste flow, while RCC relied more on safety tanks for final waste disposal. The public’s perception of waste management initiatives and drainage systems in both cities varied, indicating the need for particular and sustainable waste management strategies. The study recommends that urban local governments utilize innovative technologies such as waste-to-energy, composting, and recycling to reduce the volume of waste sent to landfills. Overall, the study sheds light on the barriers faced by urban local governments and provides insights to formulate effective policy recommendations towards achieving a more sustainable approach to waste management in urban areas.