This chapter highlights the conceptual framework used to explore the role of women in relation to energy within their communities. Various approaches were identified and these include feminist political ecology which integrates feminist theory, goals, and practices with political ecology, an analytical framework that views ecological issues through the lens of political economy (and vice versa). This was important as it created a context for understanding the view point of gender and energy in these communities. Another approach is energy justice. This was used to showcase injustice and inequality in the energy industry using a multidimensional, human-centred theoretical approach, also helping us understand the planning and execution of energy systems. Other approaches also included the gender and development theory, this also looks at how people come to identify certain gender and how social norms and expectations shape their gendered roles and behaviours especially with regard to the use of energy. The social reproduction theory, technology adoption, and diffusion theory look at the current context of gender, it helps to understand how different gender groups affect and embrace technology. The participatory approach also spoke to diverse groups of people, while recognizing and addressing gender dynamics, in decision-making processes, development initiatives, and programmes and the ecofeminism approach was investigated as it looks at feminism and political ecology that examines the relationships between humans and the natural world through the lens of gender.