This chapter presents an introduction to climate change adaptation in general and in the way a threatened country, Bangladesh in particular, made up its mind about how to deal with it. The main messages of the book show how a country can organize and prepare itself to deal with climate change impacts in addition to the usual challenges. The chapter also provides an overview of the book. The impression is sometimes that the focus on climate change mitigation and reduction of greenhouse gases, although indeed really urgent, comes at the cost of timely adaptation to climate change impacts on the ground, which is also urgently required at the short term with a clear orientation on possible future interventions. Compared to the massive public and decision-maker’s attention for mitigation of climate change, adaptation to impacts on the ground seems to be underestimated. The focus in this publication is in line with the mentioned urgency: full focus on adaptation to climate change impacts while there is still time, ultimately in order to take measures, start adjustments or renewal which also takes a lot of time. Unexpected impacts on changing often threatening water and land conditions may ask less for routine and more for innovative methods to cope with upcoming situations in related sectors of society and in ecosystems. Ideas about adaptation can be found in the body of literature of Strategic and Adaptation Management. Characteristic for this publication is the attention for the idea of adaptation and transformation, how one can organize governance and other systems and actors roles in sensemaking, strategy formulation and choice of interventions in the course of time.