This conceptual paper aims to fill the lack of applied studies related to the Omani economy and provide a comprehensive analysis of the importance of the feasibility study in achieving sustainable economic development in Oman, by focusing on the period 2020–2024, and studying the follow-up of implemented projects, in addition to exploring the role of modern technologies and artificial intelligence in improving the quality of feasibility studies. The paper also aims to analyze how feasibility studies affect non-oil sectors and examine the possibility of linking feasibility studies with sustainable development plans in the framework of Oman Vision 2040. This conceptual paper raises several questions about the role of the feasibility study in achieving the success of sustainable economic projects in Oman, in addition to questions related to the possibility of using artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency and quality of feasibility studies. The main hypothesis is that the feasibility study can contribute to achieving sustainable economic returns and ensuring the success of development projects. The sub-hypotheses were since the feasibility study can ensure the implementation of sustainable economic projects, that modern technologies such as artificial intelligence can enhance the efficiency and accuracy of the feasibility study, and that linking feasibility studies with development plans can contribute to achieving sustainable goals in the Sultanate of Oman. In this conceptual paper, the researcher relied on a descriptive and deductive approach by describing and analyzing economic feasibility studies, extracting the relationship between them, and achieving sustainable economic development. Previous studies have shown the existence of research gaps in this field, such as the lack of clear investment policies and the impact of external factors on the success of projects. There is also a need to develop more comprehensive and accurate evaluation tools for feasibility studies.