The Fourth Industrial Revolution has resulted in new technologies impacting the development of the real economy and virtually every industry and sector. It also transformed business models into digital business models. Logistics did not escape this either. This research aims to analyze the evolution of logistics under the influence of industrial revolutions, current trends in digitalization, and its transition to Logistics 4.0. The authors applied analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, cause-and-effect relationships, comparison, and description during the research. The authors identified the stages of logistics development—from Logistics 1.0 to Logistics 4.0; the characteristics of these stages are provided. The authors also established that the logistics sector has developed over the past decades due to multidirectional factors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the introduction of digital technologies and robotization of logistics has accelerated for several years ahead, resulting in the development of Logistics 4.0. The authors defined Logistics 4.0, which introduces novel elements. It is described as a customer-oriented business model within value chains, utilizing an integrated approach to organizing and managing material and information flows. This model incorporates digital technologies that align with the scientific and technological demands of Industry 4.0. The results obtained are of interest for further research into Logistics 4.0 from the point of view of its conceptualization and assessment of its effectiveness in practice.