Cooperation and the Emergence of Synergies
摘要
When more than one dimension of reality interacts, novel properties emerge. By knowing the individual properties of hydrogen (H) and of oxygen (O) we cannot predict those of water (H2O), despite the fact that water contains only hydrogen and water. This phenomena relates to synergy. When we add up two quantities and the sum of those quantities is greater than the arithmetic sum, or novel properties emerge. This is revealed by the fact that the properties of water are totally different chemically and physically from those of oxygen gas and hydrogen gas.