Biodiversity Net Gain Projects Under Environmental Change
摘要
Achieving biodiversity conservation targets in the context of exponential growth of anthropogenic land use expansion is highly problematic. The problem is globally relevant; however, it is particularly acute in the Global South where biodiversity is especially high, and the pace of development is unprecedented. Biodiversity Net Gain strategy is among the most promising approaches for addressing this issue, as it implies development to benefit rather than harm natural environment. This requires application of a holistic multi-scale approach that considers impacts of development on ecosystem networks. The networks also play a critical role in biodiversity adaptation to climate change. However, planning for biodiversity gain under changing climate can be highly problematic. Species distributions are changing, novel ecosystems are emerging, species responses to climate change differ and are often hard to predict. All this makes the already complex problem of achieving Biodiversity Net Gain objectives even more challenging. Therefore, the article explores ways of facilitating achievement of the objectives in the changing environment.