The introduction of synthetic colourants did not only offer a new range of colours, but also new methods to dye textiles. In this chapter, various dye procedures and some recipes are described. Dyeing with natural colourants was a time-consuming process. In the first step, the dyes needed to be extracted from plant materials, or from insects or molluscs, a process which could easily take hours and, when fermentation was required, even several days. Using natural dyes, three main dyeing processes were used: direct dyeing, mordant dyeing and vat dyeing [1, 2]. Whereas direct dyeing can be a rather quick process, the most sustainable dyeing processes, mordant dyeing and vat dyeing, were quite laborious. This changed dramatically with the introduction of synthetic dyes, especially since acid and basic dyes were easy to dissolve and did not require any extraction from a source material, as is the case with natural dyes. Furthermore, dyeing could be done immediately and in a very short time. Nevertheless, dyeing procedures originating from natural colourants remained important for some synthetic colourants and are still applicable; hence, these will be described here as well. The dyeing recipes are typical of those used in the late 19th and 20th century.