Music-based interventions (MBIs), including music therapy (MT), have been used in multiple healthcare contexts, some with more robust research and applications as specified in other chapters of this text. Chapter 17 and this chapter outline a systematic review of MT and MBIs that are implemented in healthcare applications, based on evidence-based research and literature. These areas include surgery, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), dementia care in acute settings and transition, eating disorders (EDs), work-related stress, homelessness, artists in residence, and concerts/music and medicine. Part 1 focuses on the first three applications (surgery, NICU, and dementia care in acute settings and transition), while Part 2 reports on the remaining five areas (eating disorders, work-related stress, homelessness, artists in residence, and concerts/music and medicine). Part 2 results showed that outcomes of MT and MBIs in eating disorders were dependent on confounding factors. Work-related stress and homelessness focused on MT approaches. For artists-in-residence and concerts in music and medicine, MBIs were the primary focus and significant to embrace the everyday lives of patients, kin, and their communities. Future directions should focus on the efficacy and selection of music with clear definitions of music interventions utilized in each healthcare application, development of MT and MBI protocols, and the inclusion of equity for deserving groups and marginalized individuals.