Micro hydro power (MHP) systems convert the energy in water into electrical energy. They use a conveyance system to divert water from a river or stream at a higher elevation through a penstock to a hydro turbine. The hydro turbine is connected to a generator. This chapter describes the use of MHP in off-grid electrification. The key components of MHP systems are described and the fundamental operating principles are presented. Calculations and methods for selecting an appropriate hydro turbine for a given electrical load and water resource are presented. The chapter covers the design process for Pelton turbines in off-grid applications. Economic, environmental, and social considerations of the use of hydro power for off-grid electrification are discussed.