War leaves a devastating imprint on both people and the environment, and nowhere is this more evident than in Gaza. This chapter explores the profound environmental and socioeconomic consequences of the recent war (October 2023–January 2025) on Gaza, focusing on its implications for Sustainable Development Goal 15 (SDG 15). The war has caused extensive damage to terrestrial ecosystems, including soil contamination, biodiversity loss, and the destruction of agricultural land, undermining efforts to conserve ecosystems, combat desertification, and halt biodiversity loss. These challenges are further compounded by food insecurity and socioeconomic vulnerabilities. The chapter underscores the importance of ecological restoration, sustainable land management, and international collaboration to address these critical issues. By highlighting the urgency of recovery efforts, it emphasizes the need for global action to mitigate the long-term environmental impacts of conflict and support sustainable development in Gaza.