This chapter deals with AI governance, legislation, regulations, sociology and ethics. AI legislative lessons can be drawn from many jurisdictions, including the efforts of the EU and India. The utility of these emerging experiences can be extended to AI deployment for SDG attainment worldwide. Effective legislation and regulation are indispensable for deploying AI to achieve the SDGs. They provide a framework for ensuring ethical use, protecting privacy, promoting sustainability, and addressing inequality. By fostering accountability and international cooperation, these frameworks align AI’s transformative power with the global vision of a more equitable and sustainable future. As the world advances towards 2030, crafting and implementing these regulations will be crucial to maximising AI’s contribution to the SDGs while safeguarding against potential risks. Regulations tailored to specific sectors encourage responsible innovation, minimising risks while maximising AI’s transformative potential for inclusive development. Beyond national efforts, there is a need for harmonised and standardised regional, continental and global legislation, regulations, guardrails, and governance. All these AI frameworks must be robust, balanced, dynamic and adaptable to accommodate the rapid and relentless changes and complex dilemmas that characterise the technology.