The current chapter reviews the neuroscientific literature on decision makingDecision making. Evidence for reward versus control processesControl processes are reviewed along with Prospect TheoryProspect theory, Fuzzy Trace Theory and several other factors that affect choice. Throughout, the evidence for regional versus network-based processing is considered and recommendations are made for future research. While many important advances have been made, significant challenges persist due to theComplex decision making complexity of human decision making, diverse levels of analysis and various types of data being collected. Notwithstanding, the future of the field looks bright and the ability of decision neuroscientists to inform public policy and improve health interventions has never been greater. Additional research should build on the work reviewed herein, seeking to identify the critical units of analysis (regions or networks) that provide the greatest predictive power to realize real-world benefits.