Inland aquaculture environments are manmade ecosystems in which water quality is a critical factor in defining the quality of aquatic products and the economic benefits of aquaculture. Inland aquaculture facilities are generally smaller, more susceptible to contamination, and have less capacity for self-purification than their sea counterparts. This chapter offers crucial theoretical and practical understandings of the vital role that water quality plays in inland aquaculture, with a focus on shrimp and fish productivity. We examine the ideal ranges for important water quality metrics, the operational requirements for preserving ideal water quality, and the significance of fertilizer delivery. There is a risk that White-leg (vannamei) shrimp farms, with their dense stocking, will surpass nearby habitat quality standards. The chapter also discusses ways to monitor water quality and manage diseases, emphasizing the value of continuing sustainable practices in inland aquaculture. This chapter seeks to advance sustainable inland aquaculture methods by highlighting the importance of careful water quality control.