Since burn-scar contractures are often treated empirically, it is important to establish evidence-based treatment methods [1]. An important aspect of treating burn-scar contractures is differential diagnosis between ankylosis and contracture and between the contracture subtypes (Fig. 12.1). The term “ankylosis” refers to joint stiffness that is due to involvement of the deeper tissues, including the bone, cartilage, and joint capsule. It can vary from moderate to severe and may require orthopedic surgical release. By contrast, contracture refers to tightness of the soft tissues around a joint that limits movements. The soft tissue can be the muscles, whose contracture is generally due to neurological damage, or the connective tissue, which has been injured by wounding or burn. Consequently, before planning surgical reconstruction of connective-tissue contractures, myogenic/neurogenic contractures should be excluded. The connective-tissue contractures should then be subjected to differential diagnosis according to the anatomical structures that are affected. These include (a) cutaneous, subcutaneous, or fascial contracture; (b) tendon contracture; (c) ligament contracture; and (d) muscle contracture. Many burn-scar contractures can be classified as cutaneous/subcutaneous contractures. However, if tendon, ligament, and/or muscle contracture is diagnosed, surgeons should not only release the scar contractures, they should also consider replacing/reconstructing the other affected tissue(s) with various methods (Fig. 12.1). This chapter describes a body region-specific classification of the superficial-scar contractures that affect the cutaneous, subcutaneous, and/or fascial tissues.