This article analyzes the opportunities offered by artificial intelligence (AI) for urban planning; the main trends in recent research were addressed using a mixed approach combining bibliometric and qualitative analysis. We reviewed studies published in the period 2019–2024 and identified how AI transforms urban planning processes in key areas such as land use optimization, urban mobility, and citizen participation. Artificial intelligence has proven to be a powerful tool for processing large volumes of urban data, enabling planners to make more informed and efficient decisions. Likewise, AI has facilitated the creation of smarter transportation systems, which optimize traffic and reduce travel times, thus improving the quality of life in cities. In addition, AI-based digital platforms have fostered greater citizen participation in planning, allowing citizens to influence the design of their cities in a more inclusive manner. Despite the benefits, the implementation of AI presents significant challenges, such as the need for adequate technological infrastructure and equitable access to data.