Induction therapy refers to a brief period of intense immunosuppression administered pre-transplant with the intent to decrease rejection episodes and/or to delay the start of nephrotoxic immunosuppressive drugs for patients with renal insufficiency. The benefit of routine induction therapy has not been established. This chapter will summarize induction therapies commonly used in patients undergoing heart transplantation, including depleting and non-depleting antibodies, their efficacy, and adverse effects. Until further data is available, the risks and benefits of induction therapy following heart transplantation need to be carefully weighed.