The vast vista of animal suffering caused by Darwinian evolutionary processes is fuel for influential arguments against belief in the God of theism. After considering prevailing theistic responses—judging some untenable and some others to mitigate the atheistic force of the arguments only in part—the author offers a fresh alternative approach, in which he recommends a paradigmatic change of conventional discourse on God and evils. The change consists of two closely interrelated aspects. One is that we employ an aesthetic analogy of God as Artist rather than the narrowly ethical picture that prevails in the controversy. This shift opens avenues of God-justifying explanations that are otherwise morally closed. The second aspect is turning to canonical Christian resources that both support this shift to aesthetic agency and put the problem of God and Darwinian evil in specifically Christian theistic terms. Selected canonical resources rarely included in the controversy, especially the book of Job and the Passion Story of Christ, surprisingly, make the configuration of evolutionary animal suffering unveiled by modern scientists greatly more plausible on Christian theism than is commonly supposed. The Darwinian problem of evil is not solved, but its atheistic force is considerably mitigated.

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The Darwinian Problem of Evil and Christian Theodicy

  • John R. Schneider

摘要

The vast vista of animal suffering caused by Darwinian evolutionary processes is fuel for influential arguments against belief in the God of theism. After considering prevailing theistic responses—judging some untenable and some others to mitigate the atheistic force of the arguments only in part—the author offers a fresh alternative approach, in which he recommends a paradigmatic change of conventional discourse on God and evils. The change consists of two closely interrelated aspects. One is that we employ an aesthetic analogy of God as Artist rather than the narrowly ethical picture that prevails in the controversy. This shift opens avenues of God-justifying explanations that are otherwise morally closed. The second aspect is turning to canonical Christian resources that both support this shift to aesthetic agency and put the problem of God and Darwinian evil in specifically Christian theistic terms. Selected canonical resources rarely included in the controversy, especially the book of Job and the Passion Story of Christ, surprisingly, make the configuration of evolutionary animal suffering unveiled by modern scientists greatly more plausible on Christian theism than is commonly supposed. The Darwinian problem of evil is not solved, but its atheistic force is considerably mitigated.