Digital Platforms and Their Usage in Higher Education Human Resource Management
摘要
The digitalisation of the higher education (HE) sector has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The increased usage of digital platforms, however, is a rather new phenomenon in HE systems. While some studies have shown the effects they have on the teaching and learning processes, there is still limited understanding of how digitalisation permeates university administrative systems and processes. While some authors point to the positive effects that platform services bring to higher education, others warn that HE’s public stature, principles and values may be eroded by the EdTech industry and its market logics. Building on an extensive literature review, I characterise the platforms that specialise in services to support human resource management in HE, drawing on the examples from the HolonIQ database. I build on the notion of “platform capitalism” (Srnicek, 2016) to understand the aims, services and business models of these platforms partnering with HE institutions (HEIs). The range of EdTech actors with digital solutions for performance management for higher education is very diverse. These actors promise increases in efficiency, user friendliness, and transparency of performance measurement and management processes. Data on platforms serving the higher education sector from HolonIQ, 2021 Global Learning Landscape show that 173 platforms use AI, machine learning, video and audio recognition, and bots to assist HEIs with performance management and human resource management, and among other tools, conducting performance appraisals. Overall, the findings suggest that EdTech platforms offer a wide range of services to HEIs, based on the B2B business model. The opacity of data gathering and value creation mechanisms of the studied platforms points to the "platform capitalism" features of the emerging ecosystem of HRM platforms in higher education.