Over the past two decades, Latin American electoral democracies have significantly expanded their family policies. Through monetary transfers and services for care-dependent individuals and families, varying levels of social co-responsibility have been achieved, with states—and to a lesser extent, men—assuming more significant roles in family responsibilities. This chapter examines how Central American countries, with notable cross-national differences, have followed a similar trajectory. However, recent authoritarian political transitions, exemplified by El Salvador, have seen the rise of punitive populism, leading to a reversal of these advances. De facto family policies now increasingly promote the refamiliarization and feminization of family responsibilities, disproportionately affecting lower-income populations.