Significant progress has been made in the field of aeolian sand geomorphology and desert environment evolution in the past decades, but the understanding of dune development mechanism under the influence of power transmission towers is still insufficient. In this paper, Real-Space Cellular Automaton Laboratory (ReSCAL) dune model is used to simulate the evolution process of barchan dune around transmission tower under different wind velocities and dune sizes. Results show that transmission tower changes the local wind field and forms some small tail structures in the rear side of the tower due to the change of the wind field. The influence of the transmission tower on the height of the dune is most obvious, and the maximum height difference reached about 2 m. The height of the dune increases first and then decreases with time, and the time of this turning point increases with the decrease of wind velocity. The maximum height difference reached about 1 m in different wind velocity simulation cases. Small dune is more easily affected by the transmission tower, and dunes of different sizes eventually tend to form the same height.