This chapter examines the current environmental and socioeconomic challenges facing the Lake Chad Basin, a region experiencing significant transformations due to climate change and human activities. It provides a detailed analysis of the impacts of climate change, particularly the dramatic shrinkage of Lake Chad, on local agriculture, biodiversity, and communities. This chapter highlights how erratic rainfall patterns and rising temperatures disrupt traditional agricultural cycles, leading to food insecurity and loss of livelihoods. It also explores the socioeconomic consequences of environmental degradation, including displacement, conflicts over resources, and increased poverty. This chapter underscores the urgent need for comprehensive and integrated approaches to resilience and sustainability, incorporating traditional knowledge and community-led initiatives.