Bone tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of the composition and architecture of native bone tissue, as well as the judicious selection of appropriate natural or synthetic materials, including polymers, bioceramics, metals, and composites, for material design purposes. These biomaterials are then processed into shapes suitable for bone tissue using scalable manufacturing techniques, including 3-D printing and electric field-assisted techniques. Bone biomimetic materials, on the other hand, are biomimetic materials constructed for bone tissues, which have greater potential value compared to conventional materials by adding biocompatibility, degradability and promotion of bone tissue regeneration to the basic materials. This chapter presents material design considerations for bone-derived biomimetic materials in disease modeling and the treatment of human injury and disease. It first describes the major components and structures of bone. The major biomimetic materials currently used for bone tissue regeneration are then described and their ability to promote bone tissue regeneration is examined. Finally, we discuss and look ahead to the problems and challenges that have yet to be solved in the field of biomimetic materials for bone tissue applications.