As we begin this chapter, filled with elementary school-level facts and information (most of which can be sourced from https://www.ibge.gov.br/ and is liberally used throughout the chapter), it is a good point to acknowledge the immense responsibility that Brazil, one of the world’s most significant nations, shoulders. Brazil is nestled between the Atlantic Ocean and ten other South American nations. Its climatic diversity nurtures various biomes, including the Amazon, the Atlantic Forest, the Cerrado, the Caatinga, the Pampa, and the Pantanal. The territory and the fauna and flora diversity of Brazil are the first issues described in this chapter. The chapter follows, considering peculiarities of the country's regions. It introduces the largest and little-known area of the world: the north of Brazil and shows the strong influence of Europeans in developing the south region. The most developed southeast region is presented as well as the new agribusiness frontier of the center-west. The last theme of the chapter considers the strong concentration of political power in the northeast region.