The work constructs a function of the probabilityProbability of a collisionCollision with an obstacle on a two-line highway duringIcy conditions icy conditions, depending on the speed of the vehicle and visibilityVisibility conditions. To obtain the resultsResult, we used a logical-probabilistic method, a method of geometric probabilityProbability estimation, kinetic models of vehicle motion during braking, the theory of truncated distributions and distribution densities, expert data on the reaction time of the driver and the vehicles braking. The result is an algorithm that can be used to assess the riskRisk of a collisionCollision in one trip on the highway under the conditions considered in this article, as well as the ability to determine the speed at which the probabilityProbability of a collision does not exceed an acceptable level. The calculations showed that starting from meteorological optical visibilityVisibility of 70 m, with a decrease in visibility for every 15–20% (10 m) the permissible speed should be reduced by 10 km/h, and if visibility is 10 m, in icy conditionsIcy conditions, trafficTraffic should be closed to avoid accidents with particularly severe consequences. To control movement in such conditions, it is necessary to have a nephelometer or other device that estimates the visibility range with sufficient accuracy. Based on this, a conclusion is made about the need to clarify the operation of devices based on photoIDs, as a means of increasing traffic safety on highways.