This chapter examines the systematic environmental destruction across the Kurdish regions of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. It highlights the intertwined impacts of political marginalization, conflict, and unsustainable practices on Kurdistan’s ecosystems. This environmental degradation, manifested in deforestation, pollution, resource exploitation, and habitat destruction, is partly related to the statelessness of the Kurds and the occupation of their lands. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, the study analyzes historical and contemporary ecocide through military actions, state policies, and industrial expansion, revealing how such practices undermine biodiversity, local livelihoods, and ecological stability. The chapter underscores the weaponization of nature, where tactics such as dam building, chemical warfare, and deforestation serve as instruments of control and displacement. These regional practices not only devastate local communities but also contribute to broader global environmental crises, necessitating urgent international response. Beyond regional consequences, this ecocide impacts global ecological health, emphasizing the necessity of integrating environmental restoration with political justice. The analysis advocates for international accountability and collaborative solutions, including sustainable resource management and reforestation, to restore the region’s ecological balance while empowering Kurdish communities.

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The Kurdish Ecocide: Environmental Degradation Across Greater Kurdistan

  • Dawod Rasooli Keya,
  • Evin Adin

摘要

This chapter examines the systematic environmental destruction across the Kurdish regions of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. It highlights the intertwined impacts of political marginalization, conflict, and unsustainable practices on Kurdistan’s ecosystems. This environmental degradation, manifested in deforestation, pollution, resource exploitation, and habitat destruction, is partly related to the statelessness of the Kurds and the occupation of their lands. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, the study analyzes historical and contemporary ecocide through military actions, state policies, and industrial expansion, revealing how such practices undermine biodiversity, local livelihoods, and ecological stability. The chapter underscores the weaponization of nature, where tactics such as dam building, chemical warfare, and deforestation serve as instruments of control and displacement. These regional practices not only devastate local communities but also contribute to broader global environmental crises, necessitating urgent international response. Beyond regional consequences, this ecocide impacts global ecological health, emphasizing the necessity of integrating environmental restoration with political justice. The analysis advocates for international accountability and collaborative solutions, including sustainable resource management and reforestation, to restore the region’s ecological balance while empowering Kurdish communities.