Since 2006, the situation in Afghanistan has deteriorated. The Taliban and other radical groups intensified their subversive and terrorist activities. Since this time, extremists’ actions included attacks by small and medium-sized groups and suicide bombers used on a large scale. The diversionary terrorist war began. In fact, it was an insurgency that engulfed the whole country. In July 2007, the American intelligence community actively discussed the reasons for the deterioration of the situation in Afghanistan and the growing danger posed by the terrorists. Not long after, a report titled “Terrorist Threat” was published. It noted that the main threat came from Al-Qaeda, whose core was located in the area of the Afghan-Pakistani border. The intelligence analysts concluded that, despite all efforts, the radical movement retained its potential in some places and even restored it in other regions. This chapter examines the evolution of the Taliban's sabotage and terrorist war against the United States and NATO. The study contains numerous references to sources, statistical data, and interviews with Taliban leaders.