The active Fogo Volcano, located in the archipelago of Cape Verde, last erupted in November 2014, expelling melts mainly alkaline, with basanitic to tephritic composition. Nineteen indoor dust samples were collected in representative private residences. The dust samples <2 mm fraction were analyzed by ICP-MS, XRF and XRD and SEM to access their geochemistry, mineral phases, and morphology. Results revealed a content that reflected geogenic and anthropogenic sources. The identified minerals can be associated to the volcano, and Fe mean concentration in dust exceeding the 2014-105 eruption lava Fe mean content. For this study, the selected potentially toxic elements presented concentrations below the Acceptable Values (AV), i.e., as ranging 0.6–3.3 mg/kg, with an outlier of 111 mg/kg (AV = 20 mg/kg) and Cd ranging 0,5–3.6 mg/kg (AV = 3 mg/kg). The content of Ni and V was higher than AV for all samples, and Ti showed a content much beyond AV also in all samples. The calculated risk revealed that As and Ni content in indoor dust was above the defined carcinogenic target risk, in most of the samples. The systemic toxicity for children was mainly attributed to the Fe, V, and Zr concentrations found in these samples. The biggest content of particles was >50 µm in diameter, suggesting that bioaccessible fraction will not be high, what can reduce the carcinogenic risk and the systemic toxicity.